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National public-finance evidence desk

Kenya Public Money Tracker

Where your taxes go — updated nightly from official sources. Public money, traced to evidence.

Total public debt

KES12.22T

Overall risk of debt distress: High · IMF–World Bank DSA, Oct 2024

Evidence for debt register operands · Verified observation / Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bonds · debt category: domestic_bonds

retained source and observation matched

Central Bank of Kenya · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell 2025-12 / column 2: Domestic Treasury Bonds · page 57 · table Composition of Government Gross Domestic Debt

Retained version SHA256: a056dd65b8f5dca2e5356718a87f5d11b5a5162c89979efdbab412160dc318eb

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bonds · debt category: domestic_bonds

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · percent · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bonds · debt category: domestic_bonds

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bills (91-day, 182-day, 364-day) · debt category: domestic_bills

retained source and observation matched

Central Bank of Kenya · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell 2025-12 / column 1: Domestic Treasury Bills (91-day, 182-day, 364-day) · page 57 · table Composition of Government Gross Domestic Debt

Retained version SHA256: a056dd65b8f5dca2e5356718a87f5d11b5a5162c89979efdbab412160dc318eb

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bills (91-day, 182-day, 364-day) · debt category: domestic_bills

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · percent · actual

lender: Domestic Treasury Bills (91-day, 182-day, 364-day) · debt category: domestic_bills

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: CBK Overdraft Facility · debt category: domestic_overdraft

retained source and observation matched

Central Bank of Kenya · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell 2025-12 / column 4: CBK Overdraft Facility · page 57 · table Composition of Government Gross Domestic Debt

Retained version SHA256: a056dd65b8f5dca2e5356718a87f5d11b5a5162c89979efdbab412160dc318eb

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: CBK Overdraft Facility · debt category: domestic_overdraft

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · 2025-12 · percent · actual

lender: CBK Overdraft Facility · debt category: domestic_overdraft

value not reported

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · KES · actual

lender: Pending Bills — State Corporations (National Government — State Corporations) · debt category: pending_bills

retained source and observation matched

National Treasury · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell state_corporations · page 18 · text span KSh 365.6 billion

Retained version SHA256: 39c2e290ecdb6be0d8768344514711a5b0c6a350f0416ed81e529cded60def24

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · KES · actual

lender: Pending Bills — State Corporations (National Government — State Corporations) · debt category: pending_bills

historical source not value checked

National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Qualified citation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · percent · actual

lender: Pending Bills — State Corporations (National Government — State Corporations) · debt category: pending_bills

historical source not value checked

National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · KES · actual

lender: Pending Bills — MDAs (National Government — MDAs) · debt category: pending_bills

retained source and observation matched

National Treasury · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell mdas · page 18 · text span KSh. 109.9 billion

Retained version SHA256: 39c2e290ecdb6be0d8768344514711a5b0c6a350f0416ed81e529cded60def24

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · KES · actual

lender: Pending Bills — MDAs (National Government — MDAs) · debt category: pending_bills

historical source not value checked

National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Qualified citation

KEN · 2026-06-30 · percent · actual

lender: Pending Bills — MDAs (National Government — MDAs) · debt category: pending_bills

historical source not value checked

National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Verified observation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Advances from Commercial Banks · debt category: domestic_overdraft

retained source and observation matched

Central Bank of Kenya · pdf source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: cell 2025-12 / column 5: Advances from Commercial Banks · page 57 · table Composition of Government Gross Domestic Debt

Retained version SHA256: a056dd65b8f5dca2e5356718a87f5d11b5a5162c89979efdbab412160dc318eb

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025-12 · KES · actual

lender: Advances from Commercial Banks · debt category: domestic_overdraft

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · 2025-12 · percent · actual

lender: Advances from Commercial Banks · debt category: domestic_overdraft

value not reported

Central Bank of Kenya · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IDA                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IDA                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IDA                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IBRD                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IBRD                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (World Bank-IBRD                         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (OPEC Fund for International Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (OPEC Fund for International Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (OPEC Fund for International Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Fund for Agricultural Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Fund for Agricultural Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Fund for Agricultural Dev.) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Eastern & Southern African Trade & Dev. Bank (TDB)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Eastern & Southern African Trade & Dev. Bank (TDB)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Eastern & Southern African Trade & Dev. Bank (TDB)) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab Bank for Economic Dev. in Africa (BADEA)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab Bank for Economic Dev. in Africa (BADEA)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab Bank for Economic Dev. in Africa (BADEA)) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Export-Import Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Export-Import Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Export-Import Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Dev. Bank         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Dev. Bank         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (African Dev. Bank         ) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Spain) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Spain) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Spain) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Saudi Arabia) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Saudi Arabia) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Saudi Arabia) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Korea, Republic of) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Korea, Republic of) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Korea, Republic of) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Japan) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Japan) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Japan) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Italy) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Italy) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Italy) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (India) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (India) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (India) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (France) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (France) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (France) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (China) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (China) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (China) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Belgium) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Belgium) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Belgium) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Eurobonds and other international bonds · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Eurobonds and other international bonds · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Eurobonds and other international bonds · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (United Kingdom) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (United Kingdom) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (United Kingdom) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Switzerland) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Switzerland) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Switzerland) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (South Africa) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (South Africa) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (South Africa) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Netherlands) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Netherlands) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Netherlands) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Italy) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Italy) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Italy) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Germany, Fed. Rep. of) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Belgium) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Belgium) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Belgium) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Austria) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Austria) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Austria) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Monetary Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Monetary Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (International Monetary Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details · 381Observation evidence details · 383Observation evidence details · 384Observation evidence details · 398Observation evidence details · 399Observation evidence details · 439Observation evidence details · 524Observation evidence details · 525Observation evidence details · 526Observation evidence details · 527Observation evidence details · 528Observation evidence details · 529Observation evidence details · 530Observation evidence details · 531Observation evidence details · 532Observation evidence details · 533Observation evidence details · 534Observation evidence details · 535Observation evidence details · 536Observation evidence details · 537Observation evidence details · 538Observation evidence details · 539Observation evidence details · 540Observation evidence details · 541Observation evidence details · 542Observation evidence details · 543Observation evidence details · 544Observation evidence details · 545Observation evidence details · 546Observation evidence details · 547Observation evidence details · 548Observation evidence details · 549Observation evidence details · 550Observation evidence details · 551Observation evidence details · 552Observation evidence details · 553Observation evidence details · 554Observation evidence details · 555Observation evidence details · 556Observation evidence details · 557Observation evidence details · 558Observation evidence details · 559Observation evidence details · 560Observation evidence details · 561Observation evidence details · 562Observation evidence details · 563Observation evidence details · 564Observation evidence details · 565Observation evidence details · 566
Sum of 47 loan rows — pending bills excludedCBK publishes KES 12.30T for the same period — the gap is unreconciled.

Debt-to-GDP

Evidence for GDP observations · Verified observation / Evidence unavailable

gdp value · Verified observation

KEN · 2025 · KES · current prices

retained source and observation matched

World Bank · api source

Open source document

Source bytes: checked · Value: matched

Locator: date 2025 · country KEN · indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CN · json path $[1][0].value

Retained version SHA256: 5d535b30bd921708e13b87d5d6d6f2c6ca5652e905a6ce555c1641b975362294

gdp growth rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · 2025 · percent · current prices

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
Evidence for debt-to-GDP observation · Qualified citation

published imf ratio outside seven table contract A source listing alone does not verify a figure.

71.3%

IMF General Government Gross Debt, % of GDP (GGXWDG_NGDP) — vintage-consistentSource: IMF World Economic OutlookA broader measure than the total on the left, so the two do not divide into each other.

Risk Level

High Risk

LowModerateHighIn distress

IMF–World Bank DSA, Oct 2024Published 1 Nov 2024. Latest confirmed by the IMF register as of 31 Mar 2026. Confirmation needs review; current status unverified.

How to read the evidence

Follow one public shilling from approval to audit

Trace the money · verify the source

  1. 01 · Allocation

    Parliament approves and government allocates

  2. 02 · Borrowing

    Loans, bonds and other public liabilities

  3. 03 · Spending

    Funds move through ministries and counties

  4. 04 · Audit outcome

    The public record shows what was questioned

Evidence for debt timeline observations · Qualified citation

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2013 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2013 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2013 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2013 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2013 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2014 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2014 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2014 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2014 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2014 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2015 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2015 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2015 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2015 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2015 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2016 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2016 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2016 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2016 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2016 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2017 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2017 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2017 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2017 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2017 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2018 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2018 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2018 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2018 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2018 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2019 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2019 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2019 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2019 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2019 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2020 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2020 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2020 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2020 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2020 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2021 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2021 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2021 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2021 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2021 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2022 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2022 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2022 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2022 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2022 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2023 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2023 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2023 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2023 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2023 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2024 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2024 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2024 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2024 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2024 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

external · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

domestic · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

total · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025 · KES · actual

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025 · KES · current prices

historical source not value checked

Central Bank of Kenya / National Treasury · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

gdp ratio · Qualified citation

KEN · 2025 · percent · derived

ratio operands not independently checked

Publisher unavailable · unknown source

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Kenya’s National Debt

2013–2025 · Source: Central Bank of Kenya & National Treasury

Total Public Debt
KES 12.22TCBK timeline: 5.8× since 2013
Debt-to-GDP
71.3%IMF general government basis
External Debt
KES 5.47T44.7% of total
Domestic Debt
KES 6.76T55.3% of total
Domestic Debt External Debt Debt-to-GDP %
KES 77.6 centsof every shilling of revenue goes to debt service
55.3% / 44.7%Domestic vs External debt split
Risk: HighOverall risk of debt distress · IMF–World Bank DSA, Oct 2024Published 1 Nov 2024. Latest confirmed by the IMF register as of 31 Mar 2026. Confirmation needs review; current status unverified.

Kenyan Government

FY 2026/27 Fiscal Snapshot

Fiscal Health: Risk not assessed from this ratio
Budget
5.49T
FY 2026/27
Revenue
2.99T
Tax + non-tax
Borrowed
1.11T
23.2% of spending
Debt Service
2.32T
77.6¢/KES

Nominal debt-to-GDP: 71.3%

The 55% statutory anchor uses present value. A comparable ratio is unavailable.

Where the Money GoesOf KES 4.79T spending · Treasury fiscal framework
Recurrent48%
Interest on Debt26%
Development16%
Counties10%
Contingency<0.1%
Explore National Debt→

Baringo

County Government

Qualified
Financial Health63.6/100
BudgetKES 10.1B
Total Debt—
Population667K
Fiscal Grade (est.)B
Budget Utilisation76.1%

No qualified county borrowing balance is integrated here. This does not mean zero debt. Pending bills are shown separately.

Pending Bills
KES 870M
Budget per capitaKES 15,112

Pending bills are each county's trade payables at 30 June, as the county treasuries reported them to the Controller of Budget, from the table in its full-year County Governments Budget Implementation Review Report. County borrowing figures cover only eligible instruments integrated here. A dash means no qualified balance is available here; it does not mean zero debt. Pending bills are separate. Audit findings are from the Office of the Auditor-General.

OAG Audit Findings
10
Warning

Lack of Risk Management Policy As previously reported, the County Assembly did not have Fire Policy, Fraud Prevention Policy and Risk Management Policy in place and therefore had no approved processes

Warning

Construction of Public Gallery The statement of receipts and payments reflects acquisition of assets balance of Kshs.47,313,075 which includes construction of buildings payment of Kshs.4,951,924 in re

Warning

Delay in Project Completion The statement of receipts and payments reflects acquisition of assets amount of Kshs.47,313,075. As previously reported, the balance includes the proposed extension of Coun

Warning

Failure to Implement E-Procurement System The statement of receipts and payments reflects use of goods and services expenditure amount of Kshs.303,080,911 out of which payments of Kshs.56,544,834 was

Warning

Non-Compliance with Law on Ethnic Composition Review of the of personnel records indicated that the County Assembly had a staff composition of one fifty-nine (159) employees as at 30 June, 2022 out of

Warning

Unsupported Imprests and Advances The statement of financial assets and liabilities reflects imprests and advances balance of Kshs.107,600. However, the balance differed with IFMIS imprest register ba

Warning

Omission of Retentions and Deposits The financial statements under other disclosures does not reflect any balances for retentions and deposits. However, records provided for audit indicate that retent

Warning

Unsupported Cash and Cash Equivalents The statement of financial assets and liabilities reflects a bank balance of Kshs.305,861. However, the balance excludes an amount of Kshs.1,300,995 held in a loc

Warning

Acquisition of Assets The statement of receipts and payments reflects acquisition of assets amount of Kshs.47,313,075. However, a detailed schedule showing the assets procured, contract number, contra

Warning

Voided and Unsupported Payments Review of the County Assembly IFMIS records provided for audit revealed that payments totalling to Kshs.63,321,191 made in the system to support funding from the County

View all 10 findings

Auditor General’s Report

National Government — FY2024/25

OAG Kenya
Modified audit opinions found in this report
  • Disclaimer 1 vote(s) · 8 finding(s)
  • Qualified 8 vote(s) · 45 finding(s)
  • State Department for Medical Services— Disclaimerp.295
  • National Treasury— Qualifiedp.21
  • State Department for Devolution— Qualifiedp.156
  • State Department for Foreign Affairs— Qualifiedp.193
  • State Department for Technical, Vocational Education & Training— Qualifiedp.224
  • State Department for Higher Education & Research— Qualifiedp.227
  • State Department for Basic Education— Qualifiedp.245
  • State Department for Medical Services— Qualifiedp.264
  • State Department for Public Health & Professional Standards— Qualifiedp.307

Read from the report’s own “Basis for … Opinion” sections. Each line means at least one account audited under that vote received that opinion; the page shows which. The opinion could be read for 23 of the 37 votes with extracted findings, and this site has not yet extracted every section of the report, so these counts are minimums. No vote is shown as clean: one vote covers several separately audited accounts.

1 finding(s) held back because the extracted text is unreadable.

Votes With Extracted Findings
37
Amount Questioned
—
Critical Findings
8
Unresolved Prior-Year Matters
17 votes

KES 73.4B stated across 49 of 813 findings

The Auditor-General’s own questioned total is not stated in the machine-readable part of this report, so this is what the findings themselves add up to — not the report’s headline figure.

Audit Findings Overview

Emphasis of Matter

Raised on 15 votes (76 paragraphs). Most frequent: “Budgetary Control and Performance”, 41 times.

Source: report p.14

Top Ministries Flagged

State Department for Medical Services
105
State Department for Devolution
84
State Department for Public Health & Professional Standards
58
State Department for Technical, Vocational Education & Training
45
State Department for Basic Education
45
View All Findings

Where Your Taxes Go

Sector shares of the National-Government allocation (CoB NG-BIRR)

National-Government allocation (CoB NG-BIRR)
KES 2.93T

National-Government execution only (CoB NG-BIRR); excludes county equitable share transfers.

Budget Execution
94.5%
🎓Education
KES 757.5B25.8%
98.4% spent
📋Energy, Infrastructure and ICT
KES 608.2B20.7%
89.9% spent
📋Public Administration and International Relations
KES 377.5B12.9%
91.8% spent
📋Governance, Justice, Law and Order
KES 328.2B11.2%
98.2% spent
📋National Security
KES 291.4B9.9%
99.4% spent
🏥Health
KES 164.9B5.6%
95.3% spent
📋Agriculture, Rural and Urban Development
KES 117.4B4%
88.6% spent
📋Environment Protection, Water, and Natural Resources
KES 115.3B3.9%
91.1% spent
📋Social Protection, Culture and Recreation
KES 96.3B3.3%
95% spent
📋General Economic and Commercial Affairs
KES 74.9B2.6%
83.3% spent

Percentages are shares of the National-Government allocation (CoB NG-BIRR) (KES 2.93T) — not of Kenya's gross budget or of total public spending, both of which are larger.

View Full Budget Breakdown →

National Government Loans

47 creditor and instrument lines — Instrument register — CBK public debt statistics (domestic instruments: Statistical Bulletin, December 2025, Tables 4.1.3/4.1.4; external rows: April 2025 baseline, not yet re-sourced)

Source
Outstanding Debt
KES 12.22T
Debt Service
KES 2.32TFY 2026/27 · Programme Based Budget FY 2026/27 (Approved)
🏛️Finland
Bilateral
KES 166.4M—KES 0
Evidence for Finland · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Finland) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Denmark
Bilateral
KES 189.9M—KES 0
Evidence for Denmark · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Denmark) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Austria
Bilateral
KES 309.0M—KES 3.5M
Evidence for Austria · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Austria) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Hungary
Bilateral
KES 343.5M—KES 0
Evidence for Hungary · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Hungary) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🇺🇸United States
Bilateral
KES 697.0M—KES 23.6M
Evidence for United States · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (United States) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️European Economic Community (EEC)
Multilateral
KES 806.1M—KES 10.2M
Evidence for European Economic Community (EEC) · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (European Economic Community (EEC)) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️United Arab Emirates
Bilateral
KES 966.0M—KES 29.4M
Evidence for United Arab Emirates · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (United Arab Emirates) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Nordic Investment Bank
Multilateral
KES 1.1B—KES 8.9M
Evidence for Nordic Investment Bank · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Investment Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Arab African International Bank
Multilateral
KES 1.2B—KES 11.7M
Evidence for Arab African International Bank · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Arab African International Bank) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Israel
Commercial
KES 1.2B—KES 146.6M
Evidence for Israel · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Israel) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Kuwait
Bilateral
KES 1.4B—KES 98.9M
Evidence for Kuwait · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Bilateral (Kuwait) · debt category: external_bilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Spain
Commercial
KES 1.6B—KES 84.5M
Evidence for Spain · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (Spain) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🇫🇷France
Commercial
KES 1.7B—KES 128.7M
Evidence for France · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Commercial banks (France) · debt category: external_commercial

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details
🏛️Nordic Development Fund
Multilateral
KES 1.8B—KES 14.3M
Evidence for Nordic Development Fund · Qualified citation / Evidence unavailable

outstanding · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

principal · Qualified citation

KEN · unreported reporting date · KES · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

historical source not value checked

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

interest rate · Evidence unavailable

KEN · unreported reporting date · percent · actual

lender: Multilateral (Nordic Development Fund) · debt category: external_multilateral

value not reported

World Bank · unknown source

Open source document

Source bytes: not checked · Value: not checked

Observation evidence details

Rate: — where no publisher gives one. Interest: paid in the year World Bank IDS reports; * modelled as balance × a published CBK rate. Hover a figure for its source.

See all 47 register lines →

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